Quine McCluskey method
\[ f (x 1 , \dots , x 4 ) = \sum m(0, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13) + D(1, 12, 15) \]
\[ f (x 1 , \dots , x 4 ) = \sum m(0, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13) + D(1, 12, 15) \]
\[ P = \{ p_1 = 00*0, p_2 = 0*10, p_3 = 011*, p_4 = *00*, p_5 = **01, p_6 = 1*0*, p_7 = *1*1\} \]
Finding PIs
\[ P = \{ 00*0, 0*10, 011*, *00*, **01, 1*0*, *1*1\} \]
Minimum Cover
\[ P = \{ 00*0, 0*10, 011*, *00*, **01, 1*0*, *1*1\} \]
\[ f = \bx_1 x_3 \bx_4 + \bx_2 \bx_3 + x_2 x_4\]
Quine McCluskey algorithm
Find PIs
-
Start with a list of cubes (products) that represent the minterms where f = 1 or a don’t-care
condition.
-
Arrange the minterms in groups of increasing number of ones in the binary representation.
-
Generate the prime implicants by successive pairwise comparisons of the
cubes.
Find minimum cover
-
Derive a cover table which indicates the minterms where f = 1 that are covered by
each prime implicant.
-
Include the essential prime implicants (if any) in the final cover and reduce the table
by removing both these prime implicants and the covered minterms.
-
Use the concept of row and column dominance to reduce the cover table further. A
dominated row is removed only if the cost of its prime implicant is greater than or
equal to the cost of the dominating row’s prime implicant.
-
Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the cover table is either empty or no further reduction of
the table is possible.
-
If the reduced cover table is not empty, then use the branching approach to determine
the remaining prime implicants that should be included in a minimum cost cover.
Petricks method
\[ P = \{ p_1 = 00*0, p_2 = 0*10, p_3 = 011*, p_4 = *00*, p_5 = **01, p_6 = 1*0*, p_7 = *1*1\} \]
Petricks method
\[ P = \{ p_1 = 00*0, p_2 = 0*10, p_3 = 011*, p_4 = *00*, p_5 = **01, p_6 = 1*0*, p_7 = *1*1\} \]
\begin{align}
&(p_1 + p_4)(p_1 + p_2)(p_5 + p_7)(p_2 + p_3)(p_3 + p_7)\underbrace{(p_4 + p_6)(p_4 + p_5 + p_6)}_{(p_4 + p_6)}(p_5 + p_6 + p_7)
\\
&= (p_1 + p_4)(p_1 + p_2)(p_2 + p_3)(p_3 + p_7)(p_4 + p_6)\underbrace{(p_5 + p_7)(p_5 + p_6 + p_7)}_{(p_5 + p_7)}
\\
&= (p_1 + p_4)(p_1 + p_2)(p_2 + p_3)(p_3 + p_7)(p_4 + p_6)(p_5 + p_7)
\\
&= (p_1 + p_4p_2 + p_1 p_2)(p_2 p_7 +p_2 p_3 + p_3 p_7 + p_3)(p_4 p_5 + p_4 p_7 + p_6p_5 + p_6 p_7)
\\
&= (p_1 + p_4p_2 + p_1 p_2)(p_2 p_7 +p_2 p_3 + p_3 p_7 + p_3)(p_4 p_5 + p_4 p_7 + p_6p_5 + p_6 p_7)
\\
&= (p_1 + p_4p_2)(p_2 p_7 + p_3)(p_4 p_5 + p_4 p_7 + p_6p_5 + p_6 p_7)
\\
&= (p_1 p_2 p_7 + p_1 p_3 + p_2 p_4 p_7 + p_2 p_3 p_4)(p_4 p_5 + p_4 p_7 + p_5 p_6 + p_6 p_7)
\\
&= p_1 p_2 p_4 p_5 p_7 + p_1 p_2 p_4 p_7 + p_1 p_2 p_5 p_6 p_7 + p_1 p_2 p_6 p_7
\\&\qquad
+ p_1 p_3 p_4 p_5 + p_1 p_3 p_4 p_7 + p_1 p_3 p_5 p_6 + p_1 p_3 p_6 p_7
\\&\qquad
+ p_2 p_4 p_5 p_7 + \color{red}{p_2 p_4 p_7} + p_2 p_4 p_5 p_6 p_7 + p_2 p_4 p_6 p_7
\\&\qquad
+ p_2 p_3 p_4 p_5 + p_2 p_3 p_4 p_7 + p_2 p_3 p_4 p_5 p_6 + p_2 p_3 p_4 p_6 p_7
\end{align}
\[ f = p_2 + p_4 + p_7 = \bx_1 x_2 \bx_4 + \bx_2 \bx_3 + x_2 x_4 \]